>>112675
"For example, the DNA with the code for making the lactase protein will not be able to break down the sugar lactose. Instead, to digest lactose, a cell must first read the gene and then make the protein lactase.

The first step in reading a gene is to transfer the information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) using a protein called RNA polymerase (in humans, the polymerase that reads genes like lactase is RNA polymerase II). This process is called transcription.

The mRNA then heads over to a protein making machine in the cell called a ribosome. It is there that the mRNA is translated into the specific protein for which it has the instructions. The lactase mRNA is translated into the protein lactase at the ribosome."