Overview of SNAP Recipients

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, provides food assistance to low-income households. In fiscal year (FY) 2024 (October 2023–September 2024), SNAP served an average of 41.7 million participants per month, representing 12.3% of the U.S. population. This is a slight decline from the COVID-19 peak but remains higher than pre-pandemic levels. Data for FY 2025 (through May 2025) shows similar participation trends, with monthly figures around 41–42 million.
Participation varies by state, influenced by poverty rates, economic conditions, and program policies. For example, New Mexico has the highest rate at 21.2% of its population, while Utah has the lowest at 4.8%.
Demographic Breakdown
SNAP recipients are diverse, with a focus on families, children, older adults, and people with disabilities. Below is a summary of key demographics based on FY 2023 data (the most detailed recent breakdown available), which aligns closely with FY 2024 trends.