>>51599
I don't view Hard Power and Softpower as in opposition to each other as in many cases they are influenced by the same factors(such as the size of a nation's economy).

But speaking of Hard and Soft power, the Lowy institute releases an Indo-Pacific power ranking each years that ranks power and also goes into detail in various categories that make up Soft and Hard power. Here is 2023's Power index. As it's for the Indo Pacific it does not include Europe(but it does include Russia).

https://power.lowyinstitute.org/

I also think that the EU can dominate with Soft Power but they don't need to federalise to do that and I would say they already are a Soft Power Superpower. I think it's Hard power that the EU will have problems with because of their divergence in foreign policy interests like I mentioned. Germany for example is the large Economy in the EU and the 4th largest in the world(and it's close to being 3rd) and while militarily they do have in interest in defending themselves and they do have a military equipped to do that(even though, yes, it does have issues) they have minimal interests outside of Europe so their ability to project power is incredibly weak, much weaker than that of France, the UK or even Italy or even Spain. Federalising would only make this worse as Germany and the Eastern states would always try to divert resources away from power projecting assets such as the Navy and foreign military bases.